American Elm – The Tragic History of the North Dakota State Tree
Although the American elm is the North Dakota state tree, it is nonetheless a much cherished species throughout the nation. It used to be one of the most popular shade trees that graced streets, parks, homes, and many other urban landscapes. Its widespread foliage and impressive height was an awe-inspiring sight to behold but in the early 20th century, an epidemic had caused millions of American elm trees to wither and die.
A Picture of Grace and Beauty
In the pre-disease days of its history, American elm trees had been able to grow more than 100 feet in height and with a spread of over seventy feet. Branches sprouted from the trunk in tall and wide arches to form a crown-like shade. Its dark green leaves turned into beautiful autumn shades during seasonal changes.
How to Grow American Elm Trees
American elm trees thrive when planted in zones 2 to 9. They require soil that has a neutral pH as well as having excellent draining and lots of nutrients. Clay or sandy loams, in particular, work great for nurturing these trees.
Due to its susceptibility to fungal diseases, such as the epidemic responsible to reducing its numbers to that of a threatened species, American elm trees must be planted in areas that enjoy partial shades, full exposure to sunlight, and excellent air circulation.
Before planting, make sure to test the soil for a pH range of 6.8 – 7.2. If it is lower than the desired balance, you can add limestone or ground rock sulfur if it the pH balance is higher.
As your American elm tree grows, you will notice that it has an incredibly long system of roots which can well expand past drip lines. It’s important to water your tree regularly and more often than usual during times of drought. When watering American elm trees, you should soak the ground and wet its lower branches. Water depth must be a minimum of ten inches.
For pruning during its dormant season, once every 3 years is more than sufficient. Remember to treat your pruning tools with disinfectant or isopropyl alcohol to prevent infecting your trees with Dutch elm disease or any other fungal disease. Always check your trees for any crossing, damaged, or dead branches and remove them immediately.
Where to Enjoy the North Dakota State Tree
There are still a couple of North Dakota state parks that has several American elm trees have been saved from the epidemic of the last century and continue to grow beautifully. Visit places such as Cross Ranch State Park, and you will be able to enjoy a glimpse of this rare specimen.
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